应用驾驶仿真系统的驾驶员道路险情应对测试(英文)

Application of Driving Simulation Systemon Testing Driver's Reaction to Road Hazards

基于虚拟现实技术的驾驶仿真系统在实验环境的安全性和可重复性上具有较多优势,因此可被广泛应用于道路交通安全研究和驾驶员培训中。通常有经验驾驶员通常比无经验驾驶员应对险情的能力更强,因此本研究通过焦点小组讨论和问卷调查法筛选出五类重要险情,据此开发出包含15例险情场景的虚拟环境,并在自行研发的固定底座式驾驶仿真器上对新老驾驶员各16人进行了测试。系统自动记录和分析驾驶员应对险情时的速度、刹车及转向信息,结果表明有经验驾驶员的碰撞次数远少于新驾驶员,通过险情时速度更慢,驾驶更安全。本研究为虚拟现实技术在新驾驶员培训计划中的应用以及开发险情预警装置提供了参考。

Driving simulation system,based on virtual reality technology,could be applied broadly in road safety study and driver＇s training due to its advantage in producing both safe and replicable environment.It is believed that novice drivers are less prepared for hazards and their reaction pattern to hazards is different from experienced drivers.This study developed a virtual driving environment including 15 road hazard scenarios identified from focus group discussions and questionnaires in Beijing.Two groups（16 novice and 16 experienced drivers） were tested on a fixed-base driving simulator.Their reaction to the hazards in terms of speed,braking,and steering,were automatically collected and analyzed.Results indicate that experienced drivers crash much less during the hazard,drive slower before potential hazards,and their reaction to sudden appeared hazards are more appropriate for safety.Potential impacts of this method and results include developing interventions for novice driver training program based on virtual reality technology and developing hazard warning devices.