土地利用变化对水资源的影响——以科尔沁沙地章古台地区为例

Land Use Changes and Its Effects on Water Resources:a Case Study of Zhanggutai Area in Horqin Sandy Land

基于遥感影像,借助于G IS技术以及数理统计方法,对章古台地区1988—2007年土地利用及水资源变化状况进行了分析。结果表明:1988年土地利用以耕地、林地和草地为主,2007年以林地和耕地为主;1988—2007年,草地面积减少了2 260.3 hm2,旱地和林地面积分别增加了1 758.2、966.7 hm2,未利用土地面积减少了774.7 hm2。由于土地利用类型的变化,1988—2007年总耗水量增加了2 235.8万m3,比1988年增加了19.3%;增量最大的是林地,达1 840.3万m3,其次是旱地,增加了850.0万m3;增幅最大的是沼泽地,其次为建设用地。1988—2007年,地表水面积减少了175.19 hm2,储量减少了350.38万m3;期间地下水位下降了1.90 m。

A survey was conducted to study the change in land use and water resources in Zhanggutai sandy area from 1988-2007 based on the remote sensing images,with the help of GIS technology and mathematical statistic method.Results showed that the main land use types were cultivated land,forest land and grassland in 1988,but forest land and cultivated land in 2007.During this period from 1988 to 2007,the grassland and unused land area decreased by 2260.3 and 774.7 hectare,while dry land and forest land area increased by 1758.2 and 966.7 hectare,respectively.Compared with 1988,the water consumption increased by 22.358 million cubic meters,showing an increase of 19.3 percent.The increment of forest land was the largest,with an increase of 18.403 million cubic meters,followed by dry land（8.5 million cubic meters）.The growth rate of swamp land was the largest,and the next was construction land.The surface water area and water storage decreased by 175.19 hectare and 3.504 million cubic meters respectively.A 1.9 m decline in groundwater level was also observed.