地膜中酞酸酯类化合物及重金属对土壤一大豆体系的污染研究

Pollution by Phthalate Esters and Heavy Metals in Plastic Film in Soil-Soybean System

在盐化草甸土和草甸白浆土上,采用田间试验研究了大豆各生育时期不同地膜残留量土壤和植株中邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯(DEHP)及重金属Pb、Cd含量的差异性。试验结果表明,大豆各生育时期,高倍地膜残留量土壤和植株中DBP、DEHP含量高于低倍残留量,各处理间差异达到显著水平,植株中未检测出DE-HP。对照(CK)处理土壤中DBP和DEHP含量随着生育周期延长显著降低,1倍和3倍地膜残留量处理则呈增加趋势;对DBP和DEHP含量与生育时期做相关分析,各处理均为显著相关。各生育时期,高倍地膜残留量土壤中Pb、Cd含量均高于低倍残留量,处理间达到显著水平。相同处理各生育时期,土壤中Pb、Cd含量无明显变化。1倍和3倍处理植株和籽粒中Pb、Cd含量差异不显著,各处理籽粒中Pb、Cd含量低于植株。盐化草甸土和草甸白浆土试验结论相同。

The field experiment was conducted to study the different contents of dibutyl phthalate（DBP）,ethylhexyl phthalate（DEHP）,Pb,and Cd in both soil and the plants in soybean growth periods with different residual amount of mulching plastic film in salinized meadow soil and meadow albic soil.According to the experiment,the contents of DBP and DEHP are higher with high residual mulching film compared with that of lower treatment,and the difference is obvious;the DEHP was not discovered in the plants.As for the contents of DEHP and DBP in comparison soil,they decline obviously as the plants grow,while they show growth from 1 time to 3 times residual amount of mulching plastic film.Analysis DBP and DEHP contents was made in different periods which are obvious in the result.The contents of Pb and Cd are higher with high residual mulching film compared with that of lower treatment,and the difference is obvious.No obvious change in the contents of Pb and Cd was detected in different periods under the same treatment;and the difference of contents is not obvious in both the plants and the seeds between 1 time and 3 times residual amount of mulching plastic film.Yet the contents in the seeds are lower than that in the plants.The same result was obtained in both salinized meadow soil and meadow albic soil.