城市化进程中雨水资源利用研究

Utilization of Rainwater Resources in the Urbanization Process

辽宁省是一个重工业大省,同时也是一个水资源匮乏的省份,全省多年人均水资源量为860 m3,是全国平均值的1/3,仅是世界平均值的1/12,随着城市化进程的日渐加快,水资源匮乏程度也逐渐加剧。降雨时空分布不均,水灾、旱灾频繁发生,水资源过量开发,地下水超采严重等是造成辽宁省水资源匮乏的主要原因。以辽宁省沈阳市为研究对象,对沈阳市多年降雨资料进行了系统分析,对危害性较强的暴雨进行了时间特性分析,得出沈阳市暴雨的短历时的时间特性。利用DPS绘制出短历时降雨的频率曲线,并对雨型特点进行分析。以沈阳农业大学校园为实例,按照不同用地类型分别计算可利用量。提出了雨水利用规划,并且进行了雨水量的计算。研究表明:雨水资源化可以有效地缓解沈阳市用水矛盾突出的情况,并且创造出良好的环境、生态、社会、经济效益。

Liaoning province is a heavy industry province,but also a water scarcity province.The annual average water quantity is 860 m3,which is one-third of the national average,only one-twelfth of the world average.Along with the increasing speed of urbanization,the level of water shortage also is gradually intensifying.Rainfall distribution,flood,drought,the excessive development of water resources,the over-exploited groundwater are the main reasons that cause water scarcity in Liaoning province.The object of this research is focused on Shenyang,Liaoning province.The paper analyzed the rainfall data of years in Shenyang city,analysis on a time characteristic of the strong rainstorm was carried out,the short time characteristic of the rainstorms was obtained in Shenyang,the frequency of short diachronic rainfall curve was mapped with DPS,and the hyetograph characteristics was analyzed as well.Taking campus of Shenyang Agriculture University as an example,the paper calculates the quantity of utilization of types according to the different types of land,puts forward the plan of rainwater utilization,and calculates the quantity of rainwater.The research shows that the rainwater utilization can relieve the contradiction in Shenyang effectively,and create good environmental,ecological,social and economic benefits.