试论两晋太子师傅制度

An Exploration of the System of the Crown Prince's Educational Officials in the Jin Dynasty

两晋东宫师傅类职官多所改易,经历了晋武帝时期、西晋晋惠帝与东晋三个时期。期间,一度从太子二傅扩大到六傅并立,最终在东晋孝武帝时回归汉魏太子二傅的设职。两晋太子师傅类官员在任命上出现新的"一时之制":"命诸公居之","以本位重","或行或领"。通过改革皇太子与太子师傅间的礼仪关系(二傅不臣拜),提高太子师傅的地位。太子詹事复置后,太子师傅虽不再掌管庶务,但通过"詹事文书关由六傅"的行政程序,仍确立了在东宫职官体系中的最高地位。

The official system in charge of the crown prince's education was changed in the Jin Dynasty.The type of educational officials was added during the early Jin period.After the Yong-Kang period,the position arrangement was temporary and changed along with ups and downs of political powers.The numbers of educational officials in the Eastern Jin were reduced.However,the officials in charge of the crown prince's education still occupied the highest position in the official system of East Palace.