《楞严经》与晚明北宗禅

The Shurangama Sutra and the Northern Sect of Chan in the Late Ming Dynasty

在中国禅宗史的"经典叙事"中,北宗禅在宋代以来似乎只是中国禅宗史的一个注脚,甚至几近消失。本文从思想史的角度,通过对相关文献的梳理,考察了楞严学背景下晚明时期北宗禅的历史图景,并由此指出:北宗禅在历经千百年之后,终于在《楞严经》的流行的背景之中获得了合法性和话语权;楞严学背景之下的北宗禅,在晚明时期成为禅学思潮讨论的一个热点,在一定程度上反映了中国佛教对自身传统的反思。

In the 'classical narrations' about the history of Chinese Chan Buddhism,its northern sect seemed to be only a footnote and even disappeared after the Song Dynasty.From the angle of the intellectual history,this paper makes a survey of the history of the northern Zen in the late Ming Dynasty under the background of 'Shurangama scholarship'.The northern Chan finally obtained its legality and right to speak on the ground of popularization of Shurangama Sutra hundreds of years later.And it became a hot topic concerning Chan thought in the late Ming Dynasty.To some extent,it reflected introspections on the Buddhist tradition itself.