甲苯达唑药盐控制肠道线虫感染的研究

STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF MEBENDAZOLE MEDICATED SALT IN CONTROLLING OF INTESTINAL NEMATODES INFECTION

本文报道广西博白县采用１．１３‰、２．２５‰和４．５‰甲苯达唑药盐各２００ ｇ 分别供应村民煮菜服用，驱除肠道线虫的效果。结果表明，２．２５‰ ２００ ｇ 药盐治疗方案，甲苯达唑总剂量４５０ ｍ ｇ 驱除钩虫的效果比较满意。选择钩虫重度感染者４ 例进行淘虫观察，患者于服甲苯达唑药盐后 １０ ｄ 内排出钩虫成虫４１６ 条，虫卵亦全部阴转；现场防治采用每年１ 个疗程，连续４ 年，钩虫感染率可从６７．９％ 降至０．６％ ，停止防治措施３ 年和６ 年，钩虫感染率仍分别维持在 １．５％ 和３．８％ ，远期效果稳定。上述３ 个治疗方案，无论哪１ 个方案，在现场防治中只需１ 个疗程，蛔虫感染率即从 ８０．６％ ～８５．５％ 降至 １％ 以下，但１ 年后感染率又回升到４９．６％ ～５６．７％ 。在高度流行区如何防止新感染，是控制蛔虫感染亟待解决的课题。３ 个治疗方案对控制鞭虫感染均有一定效果，但总的看来，药物总量尚属偏低。

This paper reports that 1.13‰, 2.25‰ and 4.5‰ of mebendazole medicated salt each 200 g were used in controlling of intestinal nematodes infection in the rural area of Bobai County, Guangxi. The result showed that the effect of 2.25‰ mebendazole medicated salt 200 g (total dosage 450 mg) was satisfactory for getting rid of adult hookworm. Four patients with severe hookworm infection were involved and systematic observation found that the total of 416 adult worms were expelled and the egg examination became all negative within ten days of administration of mebendazole medicated salt. The infection rate of hookworm dropped from 67.0% to 0.6% after 4 years treatment with 1 course each. At the time of 3 years and 6 years after treatment, the infection rate of hookworm was only 1.5% and 3.8%. It was demonstrated that only one course of any of the three doses of mebendazole medicated salt could achieve good effect in controlling ascaris and made the infection rate of ascaris drop from 80.6%-85.0% to less than 1.0%. However, the infection rate increased up to 49.6%-56.7% at the time of 1 year after treatment. To some extent, mebendazole medicated salt also had effect in controlling of whipworm. Nevertheless, the dosage of mebendazole should be increased.