我国跨流域调水环境风险的法律控制探讨

Environmental Risk and Legal Control of Trans-valley Water Diversion in Our Country

作为大规模人为配置水资源的行为,跨流域调水更容易造成水量短缺、水质污染、生态破坏等问题,而对于跨流域调水环境风险的控制,工程措施是常见的,而非工程措施也能达到将风险消除、减小或转移的效果。法律作为调整社会关系的重要手段,其作用在于以强制的方式规范人们的行为,可有效地提高跨流域调水环境风险控制的可靠性。本文分析了我国跨流域调水主要面临的环境风险,并将环境风险控制提升到法律法规建设层面,指出我国跨流域调水环境风险控制较多停留在技术、政策层面,亟需健全相关法律法规体系、明确基本的法律原则、完善具体法律制度等一系列法律控制措施。

Time-space distribution of natural water resources is changed by trans-valley water diversion.Water yield out of control,water quality polluted,soil salination,living environment of flora and fauna damaged,and geologic hazard caused by complex factors during transferring water add the possibility of environmental hazard and global ecological imbalance.Engineering measures are common in the control of environmental risk for trans-valley water diversion,and non-structural measures can also control it reasonably and effectively.Law is an important means to adjust the social relation and enhance the reliability of controlling environmental risk of trans-valley water diversion.This paper analyses the environmental risk of trans-valley water diversion in our country and lifts its control to the level of the construction of law.The paper proposes that a sound and complete system of law and regulations should be established for the control of environmental risk of trans-valley water diversion.