2000～2006年重庆地区0～19岁人群道路交通伤害特点与趋势

Characteristics and tendency of the traffic injuries among 0-19 years old in Chongqing between 2000 and 2006

目的研究重庆地区19岁以下人群交通伤害的流行病特征,分析该人群交通事故伤害相关因素。方法收集重庆市南岸区、巴南区、江津区3个行政区2000-2006年各交警支队交通事故档案,获取0-19岁人群交通伤害数据,用描述流行病学分析该人群交通伤害特征。结果 2000-2006年重庆抽样地区共发生2 408起19岁以下人群伤亡事故,19岁以下受害者2641位,年均死亡率、受伤率分别为2.66/10万/年、54.54/10万/年;2001年后重庆青少年交通伤害有逐渐下降的趋势;15-19岁年龄组遭受交通伤害的风险最高;受害者中行人比例最高（死亡66.67%、受伤59.49%）;头颈部损伤（38.76%）是最常见的交通伤害,同时也是首位致死原因;驾驶员过失（73.55%）是青少年交通伤的较常见原因;90%以上的事故发生于缺少交通信号管制与交警指挥的路段。结论应吸取发达国家先进经验,加强对司机、青少年、儿童的交通安全意识教育,增加安全防护措施,提高交通管理水平,为青少年及儿童提供安全的道路交通环境。

Objective To study the epidemic characteristics of traffic injuries of the population under the age of 19 in Chongqing and to analyze the related factors.Methods Documents of road traffic crashes were collected from each Traffic Police Detachment in the selected districts of Chongqing.Data of road traffic injuries involving 0-19 years old people were obtained.Epidemiologic characteristics of traffic crashes and injuries among 0-19 years old people were analyzed.Results Between 2000 and 2006,the number of traffic accidents involving 0-19 years old people,which happened in the selected districts of Chongqing,was 2408,with 2641 victims under the age of 19.The average mortality rate and average injury rate were 2.66/100 000 and 54.54/100 000 respectively.There was a declining trend of traffic injuries of teenagers in Chongqing after 2001.The age group of 15-19 suffered the highest risk to traffic injuries.Pedestrians accounted for the highest proportion of victims with the mortality of 66.67% and the injury rate of 59.49%.Injury in the head（38.76%） was the primary cause of death.The drivers undertook more responsibility in juvenile traffic injuries（73.55%）.Over 90% of the traffic accidents occurred in the sections with no traffic signals or traffic control system.Conclusion It is important to learn from the advanced countries,and to enhance the traffic safety consciousness of drivers,teenagers and children,strengthen preventive measures and improve the level of traffic management to provide the teenagers and children a safe traffic environment.