变应性鼻炎舌下免疫治疗的疗效及安全性评价

Efficacy and safety of the sublingual immunotherapy with standardized dermatophagoides farinae drops for allergic rhinitis

目的研究标准化粉尘螨滴剂舌下免疫治疗变应性鼻炎的疗效及安全性。方法 87例尘螨过敏为主的变应性鼻炎患者随机分为舌下免疫治疗(sub lingual immunotherapy,SLIT)+药物组和药物治疗组。SLIT+药物组以标准化粉尘螨滴剂舌下含服免疫治疗,辅以对症药物治疗;药物治疗组以氯雷他定片及丙酸氟替卡松鼻喷剂对症治疗。通过症状评分、药物评分、鼻结膜炎生活质量评估及记录不良反应情况,评价标准化粉尘螨滴剂舌下免疫治疗的疗效及安全性。结果经过1年治疗后,SLIT+药物组症状评分和药物评分较治疗前均明显减少(P<0.01),与药物治疗组相比亦有显著性差异(P<0.01)。SLIT+药物组患者的鼻炎相关生活质量明显改善,且未出现严重不良反应。结论标准化粉尘螨滴剂舌下含服免疫治疗可安全有效地治疗变应性鼻炎。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy（SLIT） with standardized Dermatophagoides farinae（Df） drops for allergic rhinitis（AR）.Methods Eighty-seven patients with AR were randomly allocated to receive either specific immunotherapy（SLIT group,n=48） or medical treatment（Control group,n=39）.Side effects were registered.Symptom and medication scores were assessed to evaluate the clinical efficacy.Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire（RQLQ） was completed in the baseline and one year after treatment.Results There was a significant difference（P0.01） in symptom and medication scores between the two groups at one year after treatment.The patients in SLIT group had fewer symptoms and lower intake of medication.The SLIT group also had significant improvement in the RQLQ.No severe systemic side effects were registered.Conclusion SLIT with standardized Df is effective and safe to treat patients with AR.