不同测试语料下3～6岁健听与听障儿童音调比较研究

Study on Acoustic Pitch Characteristics in 3～6 Years Old Ordinary Children and Children with Hearing Loss with Different Phonetic Materials

目的探讨健听儿童与听障儿童在对话、跟读、数数三种测试语料下音调的声学分析差异。方法采用启音博士言语测量仪(Real AnalysisTM,Dr.speechTM)对3～6岁儿童(95名健听儿童、27名听障儿童)在对话、跟读、数数三种测试语料下进行音调的声学分析,记录其平均言语基频、基频标准差、基频范围,并比较健听儿童与听障儿童的差异。结果不同语料对3～6岁健听儿童基频标准差及基频动态范围有影响;正常儿童从1数到5时音调及音调变化比对话或跟读状态下更高及更大;3～、4～、5～6岁儿童说话时对音调变化的控制能力不同,但这种不同并不存在规律性;女童的音调普遍高于男童,说话时的音调变化比男童更大。结论听障儿童较易出现高音调,说话时较易出现音调忽高忽低的现象,其控制音调变化的能力低于正常儿童。

Objective To explore the characteristics and differences of pitch acoustic variables between normal nearing children and children with hearing loss.Methods This study has analyzed the following pitch of acoustic variables： MSFF,SDF0 and F0 Range in 122 children of 3～6 years old（95 normal-hearing,27 children with hearing loss） by using the Real Analysis^TM,Dr.speech^TM to study the differences and the affecting factors between these two groups of children.Results The choice of phonetic material made significant differences on SDF0 and RangeF0.Normal-hearing children made higher and more exaggerated pitch when they counted from 1 to 5 than those of when were talking or reading.The tone chenges in control children of different ages was different,girls pitch level were generally higher than those of boys with exaggerated pitch changes.Conclusion Children with hearing loss tend to have high-pitched voice;The ability of cortralling the pitch was lower in hearing loss children than that of in normal-hearing children with inappropriate fluctuated tone.