学龄期儿童心血管疾病危险因素现状调查

A prevalence investigation of risk factors of cardiovascular disease in school age children

目的：为了解城市学龄期儿童心血管疾病危险因素的现状。方法：对长沙市 ４９５ 名９～１４ 岁儿童的血压、血脂、血糖、肥胖、膳食与运动习惯以及心血管病家族史等心血管疾病危险因素进行调查。结果：血压偏高检出率为４．８４％ ，血脂单项指标异常检出率为０．４０％ ～１７．３７％ ，总异常检出率为２１．８２％ 。３７．７５％ 儿童血脂水平超过膳食干预的推荐值。１．０１％ 儿童的空腹血糖≥６．７２ｍ ｍ ｏｌ／ Ｌ。４．６５％ 儿童超重度≥２０％ ，体重指数≥２４ 者占３．６３％ 。大部分儿童摄入脂肪及胆固醇较多，２２．６２％ 的儿童缺乏体育锻炼，５７．７８％ 家庭中有吸烟者，２６．８６％ 有心血管疾病家族史。结论：加强儿童时期心血管病危险因素的监测与干预势在必行。

Objective:To study the current state of risk factors for cardiovascular disease of school age children living in city.Method:The risk factors of cardiovascular disease, such as blood pressure,serum lipids profile,obesity, fasting blood glucosum(FBS),dietary status, physical exercises status and family history of cardiovascular disease, etc. were studied in 495 children aged nine to fourteen years.Result: The results showed prevalence of hypertension,systolic blood pressure (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP)≥the 95 percentile of the same age and the same sex subgroup,in them was 4.84 %. 0.40 % to 17.37 % of the children were abnormal at single blood lipid profile and the total percentage of the children with abnormal blood lipids profile was 21.82 %. 37.75 % of the children exceeded the recommended criteria of dietary intervention. 3.63 % of the children′s BMI were exceeded 24. 1.01 % of the children′s FBS were more than 6.72 mmol/L. The most prominent problem in dietary status was high cholesterol intake and 22.62 % of the children were lack of physical exercises. Conclusion:Therefore,the risk factors of cardiovascular disease in children shouldn′t be neglected.