麻黄和五味子对肺纤维化大鼠肺组织病理形态的影响

Effects of Herba Ephedra Sinicae and Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis on pathology of rats with bleomycin A5-induced idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

目的:研究麻黄、五味子对大鼠肺纤维化病理形态的影响及其作用机制。方法:90只Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、氢化可的松组、麻黄组、五味子组以及麻黄+五味子组,其中假手术组10只,其余各组均16只。采用博莱霉素A5气管滴入法建立大鼠肺纤维化模型。分别于治疗7和28d时观察各组肺组织病理切片,测量肺小动脉血管内径(inner diameter,ID)、中膜核密度(nuclear density,ND),免疫组织化学法染色后检测微血管密度(microvessel density,MVD)。结果:7和28d时与假手术组比较,模型组肺泡炎等级明显增高(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,7d时氢化可的松组肺泡炎等级明显降低(P<0.05),28d时麻黄+五味子组、氢化可地松组肺纤维化等级明显降低(P<0.05)。与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠ND增高,ID降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,五味子组、麻黄+五味子组、氢化可的松组ND降低(P<0.05),麻黄组、麻黄+五味子组、氢化可的松组ID增高(P<0.05)。与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠MVD显著增高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,麻黄+五味子组、氢化可的松组MVD降低(P<0.05)。结论:麻黄和五味子联合应用对肺纤维化的肺部小动脉损伤有保护作用,可抑制肺微小血管增生。五味子可降低ND,减少微血管计数,麻黄可增高ID。

Objective：To observe the different effects between Mahuang （Herba Ephedra Sinicae） and Wuweizi （Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis） on the pathological changes of rats with bleomycin A5-induced pulmonary fibrosis.Methods：Ninety Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,hydrocortisone group,Herba Ephedra Sinicae group,Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group and Herba Ephedra Sinicae plus Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group. There were 16 rats in each group except the sham operation group （10 rats）. Pulmonary fibrosis was induced by a single intratracheal injection of bleomycin A5. Hematoxylin and eosin straining and immunohistochecical method were used after 7-and 28-day treatment to observe the pathology of lung injury,measure the inner diameter of pulmonary arterioles and the density of nuclear membrane.Results：Compared with the sham operation group at 7 and 28 d,alveolar inflammation level was significantly increased in the model group （P0.01）. Alveolar inflammation level was decreased obviously in the hydrocortisone group （P0.05） after 7-and 28-day treatment as compared with the model group,and that in Herba Ephedra Sinicae plus Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group was also decreased obviously （P0.05） at 28 d. Compared with the sham operation group,nuclear density of the model group was increased,while its inner diameter was decreased （P0.05）. In the Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group,Herba Ephedra Sinicae plus Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group and hydrocortisone group,the nuclear density was decreased （P0.05） as compared with the model group. Inner diameter in the Herba Ephedra Sinicae group,Herba Ephedra Sinicae plus Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group and hydrocortisone group was higher than that in the model group （P0.05）. Microvessel density of the model group was obviously higher than that of the sham operation group （P0.05）. Compared with the model group,Herba Ephedra Sinicae plus Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis group and hydrocortisone group had lower microvessel density （P0.05）.Conclusion：Herba Ephedra Sinicae combined with Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis can restrain pulmonary artery injury. The nuclear density and microvessel density can be reduced by Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis,while Herba Ephedra Sinicae can increase the inner diameter.