不锈钢车体非熔透激光搭接焊热源模型

Heat source model for partial penetration lap laser welding of stainless steel railway vehicles

用激光搭接焊取代电阻点焊是解决不锈钢车体表面质量和密封性问题的理想方法,但在不锈钢车体非熔透型激光搭接焊工艺试验过程中,发现在常用的激光焊接工艺参数范围内,搭接接头的熔池形状近似花瓶状,不同于通常情况下热导焊时呈碗状和深熔焊时呈钉形.为此,基于ABAQUS有限元分析软件,分别对高斯热源、高斯热源+柱体热源、三维正锥体热源+三维倒锥体热源+半椭球热源等不同热源模型下激光焊接温度场进行了数值模拟.结果表明,采用三维正锥体热源+三维倒锥体热源+半椭球热源的组合模式下获得的熔池形状与试验结果拟合良好.

It is an optimum method to solve the problem on the appearance quality and tightness of stainless steel car body by replacing resistance spot welding with lap laser welding.But in the experiments of partial penetration lap laser welding,the shape of molten pool was found to be similar with a vase in the common processing parameters,which was different from the normal laser conductive welding or the laser deep penetration welding.By using the software of ABAQUS,the welding temperature fields were simulated with different heat source models,such as Gauss heat source,Gauss heat source + conical heat source,and 3-D conical heat source+inverted conical heat source +ellipsoid heat source.The results indicate that the shapes of molten pool simulated by using 3-D conical heat source+inverted conical heat source +ellipsoid heat source agree well with the experimental results.