二乙基亚硝胺诱导大鼠肝癌模型的建立及评价

Establishment of a Rat Hepatocarcinoma Model Induced by Diethylnitrosamine and Its Evaluation

目的:探讨二乙基亚硝胺诱发大鼠肝癌模型的方法。方法:选取体重150～200 g的雄性Wistar大鼠120只,随机分为建模组和对照组。建模组实验大鼠以25 mg/kg的剂量进行二乙基亚硝胺腹腔注射,每周3次,并喂饲含30%酪蛋白和0.05%苯巴比妥钠的饲料。对照组大鼠以建模组的剂量和注射频率用生理盐水进行腹腔注射。在实验第10～18周,每隔2周对实验大鼠肝脏的肿瘤发病情况进行影像检查,将检查结果为阳性的大鼠处死做解剖分析,检查结果为阴性的大鼠继续饲养。结果:在18周时诱癌成功率为76.67%,病理学结果显示,建模组实验大鼠肝脏的病变包括了肝细胞的损伤坏死期、增生硬化期和癌变期。结论:通过长时间多次小剂量二乙基亚硝胺腹腔注射的方法,成功建立了二乙基亚硝胺的大鼠肝癌模型,此模型是研究人体肝癌成因及发展的理想可靠的活体动物模型。

Objective：To investigate the methods of a rat hepatocarcinoma model induced by diethylnitrosamine.Methods：One hundred and twenty male Wistar rats with weight 150 to 200 g were randomly divided into a model group and a control group（n=60）.The experiment rats in the model group were injected diethylnitrosamine at a dose of 25 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 3 times every week and fed with feed of 30% casein and 0.05% phenobarbital.The rats in the control group were injected normal saline at the same dose and the same injection frequencies intraperitoneally as the model group.The experiment rats were examined by nuclear magnetic resonance to screen the tumor incidence in liver from the 10th to 18th weeks of the experiment beginning and continued once every 2 weeks.Then the positive rats confirmed by the examination results were killed to be used as the dissection and analysis and the negative rats confirmed by the examination results were reared continuously.Results：The successful rate of cancer induction at the 18th week was 76.67%.The liver lesions of the experiment rats in the model group included three stages of injuried necrosis of liver cell,hyperplastic sclerosis and canceration according to the pathological results showing.Conclusion：The diethylnitrosamine rat hepatocarcinoma model has been successfully established by diethylnitrosamine intraperitoneal injection of long-time repeated low dose and it is an ideal and reliable live animal model to study the causes and the development of human hepatocarcinoma.