温州市部分酒店集中空调通风系统卫生监测与分析

Microorganism detection in central air conditioning ventilation systems in hotels of Wenzhou

目的:调查分析温州市部分酒店集中空调通风系统的卫生状况,为卫生管理提供依据,预防和控制由空调细菌污染所带来的呼吸道传染病的传播和流行。方法:选取20家有集中空调通风系统的单位,分别对风管表面的积尘量、真菌总数、细菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌,送风中PM10、细菌和真菌总数,以及冷凝水和冷却水中的嗜肺军团菌进行检测和评价。结果:送风空气PM10合格率为40%(8/20),细菌总数的合格率为100%(20/20),真菌总数合格率为95%(19/20),β-溶血性链球菌等致病菌均未检出;风管表面积尘量合格率为30%(6/20),细菌总数合格率为95%(19/20),真菌总数合格率为50%(10/20),空调冷凝水嗜肺军团菌污染率为5%(1/20),空调冷却水嗜肺军团菌的污染率高达45%(9/20)。结论:温州部分酒店集中空调通风系统存在一定的污染,冷却水中嗜肺军团菌污染情况较为严重,应加强集中空调系统的清洗消毒和卫生监督管理。

Objective：To investigate sanitary condition of the central air conditioning ventilation system in hotels of Wenzhou.To provide a basis for sanitary control,prevention and control of air pollution caused by bacteria as well as the spread of respiratorytract infection and popular.Methods： 20 units with central air conditioning ventilation system have been investigated through detection and evaluation of the following indexes： the content of the dust,total count of fungi and bacteria,β-hemolytic streptococcus on the surface of air duct,PM10,the total number of bacteria and fungi in wind sending outlet,Legionella pneumophila of condensed water and cooling water.Results： The qualified rate of PM10,total bacterial count and total fungi count were 40%（8/20）,100%（20/20） and 95%（19/20）,respectively.β-hemolytic Streptococcus were not detected.On the surface of airduc,the qualified rate of dust accumulation was 30%（6/20）.The qualified rate of total bacterial count and total fungi count were 95% and 50%,respectively.The contamination rate of Legionella pneumophila in condensed water was 5%（1/20） while the contamination rate of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water reached to 45%（9/20）.Conclusion： It has a certain degree of contamination in centralized air ventilation system in some hotels of Wenzhou,especially Legionella pneumophila contamination in cooling water.Effective measures should be strengthened,including disinfection and health supervision in centralized air-conditioning system.