利用高压喷射等技术解决D系列柴油机有害排放

Reduction of Harmful Exhaust Emissions by Using Techniques Including High Pressure Injection on D Type Diesel Engine

通过对Ｄ系列柴油机排放水平实测数据的分析，摸清了降低排放的切入点和成因，并对燃油喷射系统、增压系统、燃烧系统及机油耗控制等方面进行了理论研究与优化试验．采用１００ＭＰａ的高压喷射技术，改善了油气的混合过程，完善了燃烧性能；改进活塞和活塞环结构尺寸有效地降低了机油耗；带排气放气阀的增压系统较好地解决了最大扭矩工况时α偏低的问题．最终的技术方案使Ｄ系列柴油机排放的ＮＯｘ下降４７．２％，颗粒ＰＭ下降２０％。

This paper presented theoretical and experimental studies on the fuel injection system, turbocharging system, combustion system and oil consumption controlling of the D type diesel engine, which are based on analyzing the measured data and clarifying the factors. By adopting high pressure injection technique in excess of 100 MPa, the fuel/air mixing process is largely improved, and the combustion performance perfected. The modified piston and piston rings show good behavior in reducing oil consumption. The turbocharging system with waste gate has solved the problem of lower α at the maximum torque condition. The final results show that the engine NO x and PM emission are shortened by 47.2% and 20% respectively, which come up to the European I diesel exhaust emission standards.