武汉市孕产妇健康的现状研究

Study on the current health status of pregnant women in Wuhan

目的:了解武汉市孕产妇的健康现状。方法:以2007年7月1日～2008年6月30日期间分娩的22 286例产妇为研究对象,结合孕产妇信息保健系统和孕期保健手册对孕产妇的健康状况进行回顾性分析。结果:2008年武汉市孕产妇死亡率为11.09/10万,2003年～2008年武汉市孕产妇死亡率呈现出下降趋势。武汉市孕产妇死亡率处于全国较低水平,羊水栓塞、产科出血、妊娠合并心脏病是近年来引起武汉市孕产妇死亡的前3位原因,宫缩乏力是引起产后出血最常见的病因;尽管近5年高危妊娠的发生率不高,但是中心城区和远城区剖宫产率却持续升高,剖宫产率从2003年的46.26%上升至2008年的65.28%。结论:应加强孕产期的系统保健,尤其有必要加强自然分娩优势的宣传,严格把握剖宫产指征,采取各种有力措施降低剖宫产率。

Objective：To understand the current health status of pregnant women in Wuhan.Methods：22 286 pregnant women who deliveried from July 1,2007 to June 30,2008 were selected as study objects,maternal information health system and antenatal care manual were used to analyze the health status of pregnant women retrospectively.Results：In 2008,the maternal mortality rate in Wuhan was 11.09/100 000,the maternal mortality rate showed a decreasing trend in Wuhan from 2003 to 2008.The maternal mortality rate in Wuhan was at a lower level compared with the national average level.Amniotic fluid embolism,obstetric hemorrhage,pregnancy complicated with heart disease were the first three reasons inducing maternal death;uterine inertia was the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage.Though the incidence of high risk pregnancy in recent five years was not high,the rates of cesarean section in central urban area and far urban area were high persistently,and the rate of cesarean section increased from 46.26% in 2003 to 65.28% in 2008.Conclusion：Systematical health care during pregnancy should be enhanced,especially the publicity of advantages of spontaneous delivery,the indications of cesarean section should be controlled strictly,and various effective measures should be adopted to reduce the rate of cesarean section.