法兰克福学派批判理论的自然之维——兼议其对威廉·莱斯生态学马克思主义思想的影响

The Point of Frankfurt School's Critical Theory on the Nature——Also on It's Impact to William Leiss' Eco-Marxist Theory

法兰克福学派认为,启蒙催生了现代工业文明的发展,但它也使技术理性成为资产阶级意识形态的内在组成部分和社会控制的工具,这必然会导致自然的异化和人的异化。威廉.莱斯发挥了这一观点,指出"控制自然"观念与消费的异化催生了资本主义社会的生态危机。他强调只有实现制度的变革和伦理价值观的转换,才能实现自然和人的解放。这种试图从资本主义制度层面分析生态危机的观点奠定了生态学马克思主义理论成熟形态的基本研究范式。

Frankfurt school thought that the enlightenment led the modern industrial civilization,but it also made technical rationality as an integral part of bourgeois ideology,and a tool to control man,which will inevitably lead the alienation of nature and human.William Leiss developed this view,pointed out that the concept of ＂control of nature＂ and the alienation of consumption gave birth to the ecological crisis of capitalism.He stressed that only the reform on current system and the revolution of values had been achieved,the liberation of man and nature would to be.The attempt that analysis the ecological crisis from the capitalist system has established a basic research paradigm of Eco-Marxism.