邓小平推进对外开放的历史贡献

Historical Contribution and Basic Experience of DENG Xiao-ping's Promoting China's Open-door Practice

邓小平在推进对外开放上的历史贡献可以从理论和实践两个方面加以总结。在理论上,他研究了世界经济发展趋势,论证了对外开放的客观必然性;总结了历史的经验教训,论证了对外开放的必要性;从国情出发,指出了对外开放的紧迫性;分析了国内外各种条件,阐述了对外开放的可能性。这些理论成果,为对外开放奠定了坚实的思想基础。在实践上,他首先倡议设立深圳、珠海等经济特区,作为对外开放的突破口;继而主张海南建省办特区,支持洋浦开发,提议开发浦东,带动长三角和沿江地区开放;南方谈话,推动全方位开放格局的基本形成。总结历史,可以得到这样的基本经验:解放思想、实事求是是实行和扩大对外开放的根本前提;认真研究和大胆利用资本主义是对外开放成功的关键;坚持改革创新,以创新促开放促发展,是扩大对外开放的动力源泉;恰当选择区域重点并适时推移,坚持渐进开放策略,是顺利推进对外开放的重要保证。

In order to deepen the open-door achievements,this paper summarizes the contributions and experience of the practice launched by DENG Xiao-ping,who first expounded the reason against the historical background,a fit that has laid our country a powerful ideological and theoretical foundation.Meanwhile,the foundation of special economic zones promoted the formation of an all-round opening-up pattern and proved a great historical contribution of the tentative step.At the same time,this article also summarizes the basic experience of the open-door practice as follows.（i）To emancipate the mind and seek the truth from facts is a fundamental premise.（ii）Careful study and courageous adaptation of capitalism is the key to success.（iii）Always to adhere to reform and innovation is the driving force.Lastly,to properly choose regional focus and adhere to the gradual strategy is an important guarantee.