高校行政化的资源依赖病理分析

Resource Dependence:A Pathological Analysis of Bureaucratization in China's Higher Education

高校行政化是一种教育病,包括外部行政化疾病和内部行政化疾病两个方面。前者的病因在于高校对教育行政部门的资源依赖,使高校成了政府机构的下属组织,丧失了应有的办学自主权和大学精神。后者的病因在于校内学术人员对行政人员的资源依赖,使学术事务由行政人员以行政方式主导,偏离了自身应有的发展轨道。仅仅取消高校的行政级别不能治疗高校的行政化疾病,真正的救治之道还在于高校外部资源配置的社会化和内部资源配置的学术化。其中,外部资源配置的社会化是指在资源配置过程中打破单纯由行政系统决定的封闭模式,将相关权力移交给社会第三部门和大学自身,从而使大学摆脱对行政部门的资源依赖,这要通过经费分配的中介化、校长遴选的民主化和高校评估的专业化来实现。内部资源配置的学术化是指要在高校的行政系统和学术系统之间重新进行资源配置和权力分割,提高学术人员在资源配置中的地位,这要通过高校决策过程的分权化、学术事务管理的学术化和人员职权划分的明确化来实现。

Bureaucratization in China＇s higher education institutions,as a kind of educational disease,includes the external and internal aspects.The former is rooted in higher education institutions＇ dependence on resources in government departments,which reduces them to a subsidiary body of the government,thus losing their autonomy of running a school and the university spirit.The latter stems from academics＇ dependence on the resources of administrative staff in higher education institutions,which renders academic work to the management of administrative staff and makes it deviate its own route of development.The present paper argues that the cancellation of administrative ranks cannot rid higher education institutions of the bureaucratization disease and that the only treatment lies in the socialization of the external resource allocation and the simultaneous ＇academization＇ of the internal resource allocation.