中印贸易关系:竞争或互补——基于商品贸易与服务贸易的全视角分析

China-India Trade Relation:Competition or Complementary

中国和印度作为最大的发展中国家,近年来其对外贸易迅速发展,引起了世界的广泛关注。本文基于按照HS1996分类的商品贸易和EBOPS分类的服务贸易进出口数据,分析了两国的贸易结构,并计算了两国的贸易竞争力、互补性和相似性指数,探讨了两国在商品贸易和服务贸易中的竞争性与互补性。分析结果显示:中国的商品贸易结构优于印度,而印度的服务贸易结构优于中国,两国在不同的商品类型及服务产业上体现出竞争与互补并存的特征,因此两国应加强合作,获得更多的贸易利益。

China and India are two of the biggest less developing countries in the world,the fast development in international trade of which has attracted extensive attention from the world.Based on the export data of merchandise trade and services trade,this paper explores the trade competitiveness and complementarity between China and India,by analyzing the changes of export structures and calculating both countries＇ trade competitive power,complementarities and similarity index.Empirical results show that Chin＇as merchandise trade structure is superior to India and India＇s services trade structure is superior to China.The relation of both merchandise trade and services trade between the two countries is of neither complete competitiveness nor complete complementarity.So the two countries should enhance the cooperation in order to acquire more trade benefit.