我国大陆近年儿童头癣流行情况的回顾分析

Epidemiology of tinea capitis among children in China in recent years:a retrospective analysis

目的了解我国近年来头癣的流行情况。方法采用回顾性方法分析对2000年1月～2010年11月发表的中文或英文有关我国头癣报道的文章进行汇总分析。结果共汇总文章50余篇,分析病例23 258例,其中男12 745例,女10513例,男女比例1.21∶1。按照临床分型,有临床类型资料的有7 684例,其中白癣5 506例,占71.16%,居首位。除新疆南部外,犬小孢子菌仍是头癣的主要致病菌(67.99%),其次为紫色毛癣菌(8.51%)和须癣毛癣菌(8.14%)。新疆南部以紫色毛癣菌为主(49.19%),其次为许兰毛癣菌和铁锈色小孢子菌(33.90%和12.60%)。结论我国头癣病原菌变迁缓慢,犬小孢子菌仍是我国主要致病菌,但是亲人性的紫色毛癣菌在东部比例较高,需进行长期监测。

Objective To evaluate the epidemiology of tinea capitis among children in China's Mainland in recent years.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to include literatures on tinea capitis in China published in Chinese or English language between 2000 and 2010.Results Totally 23 258 cases（male：12 745,female：10 513） summarized in 50 literatures were reported.Tinea alba was the most frequent clinical pattern（71.16% in 7 684 cases）.Microsporum canis was the principle pathogen in most areas in China（67.99%）,followed by Trichophyton violaceum（8.51%） and Trichophyton mentagrophytes（8.14%）.While in South Xinjiang,Trichophyton violaceum was the dominant pathogen（49.19%）,followed by Trichophyton schoenleinii（33.90%） and Microsporum ferrugineum（12.60%）.Conclusions Microsporum canis has been remaining the dominant pathogen,but anthropophilic dermatophyte Trichophyton violaceum developed to prevalent in southeastern China.Long-term surveillance is needed for prevention and control of tinea captis.