2006-2009年河北省城乡居民伤害监测

Surveillance of Injury Among Residents in Hebei Province,2006-2009

目的了解河北省城乡居民伤害状况和危害程度,为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法资料来源于秦皇岛市、藁城市各3家不同级别伤害监测哨点医院急诊室。对2006-01-01/2009-12-31首次就诊于哨点医院的伤害患者资料进行分析。结果 2006-01-01/2009-12-31共收集81154例伤害病例,男女性别比为2.17∶1;前6位伤害病例的原因依次是机动车车祸（28.14%）、钝器伤（23.26%）、跌倒/坠落（22.25%）、刀/锐器伤（9.14%）、中毒（7.54%）和非机动车车祸（5.65%）;中毒是农村老年女性的第1位伤害原因（36.84%）,钝器伤是15~19岁年龄组最主要的伤害原因;溺水、窒息/悬吊、火器伤、烧烫伤和中毒造成的严重程度较重;伤害部位以头部为主;伤害发生时间有一定规律性;自残/自杀造成的伤害病例81.49%需观察或住院或转院。结论河北省2006-2009年居民伤害以机动车车祸、钝器伤、跌倒/坠落、刀/锐器伤和中毒为主,青壮年是高发人群,应加强伤害的预防控制工作。

Objective To understand the prevalence and degree of injury among residents in urban and rural area in Hebei and provide scientific evidence to conduct effective interventions.Methods The surveillance was conducted among the injury patients seeking medical care for the first time in 6 hospitals in Qinhuangdao and Gaocheng from January 1,2006 to December 31,2009.Results Totally 81 154 injury cases were surveyed.The male to female ratio of the cases was 2.17∶1.The first six injuries were the traffic injury by motor vehicles（28.14%）,blunt injury（23.26%）,falling injury（22.25%）,sharp instrument injury（9.14%）,poisoning（7.54%） and the traffic injury by non-motor vehicles（5.65）.The poisoning was the first injury cause of elderly females in rural area（36.84%）.Blunt injury was the most important injury in age group of 15-19 years old.Drowning,asphyxia or hanging,gun shot,fire or heat and poisoning usually caused severe injuries.The common site of injury was head.The occurrence of injury had its time specific characteristics.Up to 81.49% of the injury cases caused by self-mutilation or suicide needed hospitalization or referral.Conclusion The major injuries in Hebei were the traffic injury by motor vehicles,blunt injury,falling injury,sharp instrument injury and poisoning from 2006 to 2009.The population affected mostly were young adults.It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of injury.