转基因动物新技术研究进展

An update on the development of transgenic animal technology

转基因技术经过数十年的发展日渐成熟,并推动转基因技术研究进入一个新的发展阶段。文章综述了体细胞核移植技术、慢病毒载体法、转座子介导的基因转移法、RNA干扰介导的基因敲除法和锌指核酸酶-基因打靶技术等近年发展起来的方法。而近来诱导多能干细胞(iPS细胞)的成功为尚未获得ES细胞的大动物建立多能干细胞系提供了一种新的方案,为转基因动物研究开创一片更广阔的天地。文章在前人研究的基础上重点总结了以上各种转基因技术的最新研究动态并对各种转基因技术的特点进行了探讨。

The animal transgenic technology has increasingly turned mature over several decades and promoted the research of transgenic technology to a new developmental phase.In this review,various kinds of transgenic technologies,including somatic cell nuclear transfer,gene transfer mediated by transposon,gene knockout mediated by RNA interference,and zinc-finger nucleases-gene targeting technology,are summarized.Recently,the success of induced pluripotent stem cells（iPS cells）,which has provided an alternative way to derive pluripotent stem cells of large animals,will extend the field of transgenic animal studies.Here,we summarized the latest trends on the basis of previous studies.In addition,the characteristics of different kinds of transgenic methods in detail are discussed.