汽车轮胎稳态温升机理的研究

The Research on Vehicle Tires Thermal Mechanism

阐述了汽车稳态行驶时的轮胎温升机理,即轮胎应力-应变与轮胎温度场的关系。轮胎以橡胶材料为基材、由多种复合材料组成。橡胶材料的弹粘性特性使得轮胎在滚动时,受周期应力的作用将产生滞后损失,在轮胎内部产生热源。滞后损失所产生的热量多少与轮胎应力、位移、界面摩擦系数、接触面积、基材的热性能以及轮胎的转动阻力系数有关。这些参数的变化将直接引起轮胎温度的变化。作者实际测量了乘用车轮胎的胎面、胎内和胎冠温度,并以试验数据为基础,分析了轮胎的实际温升状况和行车速度对轮胎温度的影响,得到了行车速度与轮胎温度的关系。

This paper reports tire thermal mechanism when vehicle in the steady state,the relations between tire stress-strain and tire temperature field.Tire is composed of rubber,the most important ingredient,and various composite.When tire is rolling,because of the sticky characteristics of rubber material,lag energy loss is produced resulted in periodic stress and heat sources is created in tire＇s inner.Lag energy loss is related to tire stress,displacement,friction coefficient,contact area,Motoki＇s heat exchange performance and tire＇s rolling resistance coefficient.The change of these parameters will directly lead to the change of tire temperature.The author actually measured some passenger cars＇ tread,tube and crown＇s temperature.On base of test data,the author analyzed tire＇s real thermal condition and driving speed＇s impact on tire temperature got the relations between driving speed and tire temperature.