华北高产农田施用生物质炭对耕层土壤总氮和碱解氮含量的影响

Effects of biochar application on total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content in the topsoil of the high-yield cropland in north China Plain

基于华北高产农田3年的定位试验,探讨冬小麦-夏玉米轮作制度下,生物质炭与化肥配施对土壤耕层全氮与碱解氮质量分数的影响。试验设CK(单施化肥),C1(施用化肥+秸秆炭2 250 kg.hm-2),C2(施用化肥+秸秆炭4 500 kg.hm-2);CN(施用炭基缓释肥750 kg.hm-2)4个处理,随机区组排列,3次重复。结果表明:施用生物质炭明显增加了土壤耕层全氮的质量分数,其中在0～7.5 cm土层,C2处理土壤全氮的质量分数最大,为1.7 g.kg-1,与CK处理相比差异显著(P<0.05);在7.5～15 cm土层,生物质炭的各处理虽能增加土壤全氮的质量分数,但差异不显著(P<0.05)。在这2个土层中,施用生物质炭对土壤碱解氮的质量分数没有显著影响。结果初步表明,在华北高产粮区施用生物质炭对增加耕层土壤全氮量有积极意义。

This paper based on a 3 year experiment in the high-yield cropland in North China,the effects of biochar and fertilizer application on soil nitrogen status for the winter wheat-summer maize rotation system was studied.The experiment was carried out in randomly arranged districts,with 4 treatments and 3 replications per treatment：CK（only mineral fertilizers）,C1（2250 kg·hm-2 biochar rate plus mineral fertilizers）,C2（4500 kg·hm-2 biochar rate plus mineral fertilizers）,and CN（750 kg·hm-2 biochar rate mixed with mineral fertilizers as slow-release fertilizer）.Results indicated that the application of biochar had obvious effects on the total nitrogen（TN） content in the soil：in the 0～7.5 cm layer,treatment C resulted the largest N content in soil（1.7 g·kg-1）,and the difference between treatment C and CN was statistically significant（P〈0.05）;in the 7.5～15 cm soil layer,although the application of biochar increased the TN content,resulted difference was not statistically significant（P〈0.05）.In both soil layers,effects of biochar application didn＇t show significant impact on soil available nitrogen concentration.According to the preliminary results,biochar application could increase the TN content in the topsoil layer,and can be used as a measure of increasing TN content in the topsoil in the high-yield cropland in north China Plain.