锑矿区人发中铋的污染状况

Concentration of bismuth in human hair from an antimony mining area in China

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法(HG-AFS),对经过硝酸-高氯酸消解后的锡矿山矿区和贵阳市人体头发样品中重金属铋(Bi)含量进行分析。结果表明,锡矿山矿区和贵阳市人体头发中Bi的检出率分别为95.5%、22.7%,矿区居民人体头发中Bi含量显著高于作为对照的贵阳市居民人体头发中的Bi含量。锡矿山矿区男性和女性居民人发中Bi质量分数范围分别为0.0079～0.1842μg?g-1、0.0080～0.1403μg?g-1,平均值(中位数)分别为0.0480(0.0280)μg?g-1、0.0482(0.0397)μg?g-1,矿区较高的人发Bi含量主要集中在30～49岁的中年人群中。通过独立样本t检验发现,锡矿山矿区男性和女性发样中Bi含量差异不显著(p>0.05)。研究结果说明锑矿开采和冶炼区域重金属Bi对人体健康的危害明显比非矿区严重。

The concentration levels of bismuth in human hair collected from Xikuangshan mining area and Guiyang city were determined by Hydride Generation-Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometry after having been digested by nitric acid and perchloric acid.The percentage of the detectable hair samples from Xikuangshan mining area and control site（Guiyang city） is 95.5% and 22.7% respectively.The contents of Bi in human hair of Xikuangshan area are much higher than those of Guiyang city.The concentration range and the mean value（median） of Bi are 0.0079～0.1841 μg·g-1 and 0.0480（0.0280） μg·g-1 in male hair samples,0.0080～0.1403 μg·g-1 and 0.0482（0.0397） μg·g-1 in female hair samples from Xikuangshan mining area.The most of hair samples with higher Bi content are in the middle age groups in Xikuangshan area.The independent-samples t-test show that there is no marked difference in the contents of Bi between male and female hair samples from Xikuangshan mining area.These results show that Bi in antimony mining area may significantly affect on human health than the un-mining areas.