珠江口横琴岛海域春季大型底栖生物调查分析

Investigation and analysis of benthons of Hengqin Island sea area in the Pearl River Estuary during spring

2008年5月对珠江口横琴岛海域底栖生物进行调查采样分析,共发现采泥底栖物种33种,包括多毛类、软体类、甲壳类和棘皮类4种类型,从种类上比较,多毛类为优势种,占总种数的42.42%。调查海域以奇异稚齿虫Paraprionospiopinnata、异蚓虫Heteromastus filiformis和栉状长手沙蚕Magelona crenulifrons为主要优势种。横琴岛海域底栖生物的总栖息密度为236.3 ind·m^(-2),从栖息密度上比较,多毛类占绝对优势,占总栖息密度的71.94%。调查海域总生物量为53.0g·m^(-2),以软体动物为主,占总数量43.58%。平均多样性指数H'为2.6,平均均匀度指数J为0.83。利用生物多样性指数进行评价的结果为轻中污染。相比于其他研究成果,横琴岛海域底栖生物无论是生物量、丰度还是多样性指数和均匀度,在整个珠江口海域处于相对高值区域。

After the investigation and analysis of benthons of Hengqin Island sea area in May 2008, 33 species were found, including comate, mollusk, crustacean and Echinodermata. Comate was the dominant species, with a ratio of 42.42% of all the species. Paraprionospio pinnata, Heteromastus filiformis and Magelona crenulifrons were dominated. The total inhabitation density of benthons was 236.3 ind.m^-2, and comate was the dominant species, with a ratio of 71.94% of the total inhabitation density. Besides, the total biomass of benthons was 53.0 g＇m^-2, and mollusk was the dominant species, with a ratio of 43.58% of the total biomass. The average diversity index and evenness of benthons were 2.62 and 0.83, respectively. Biodiversity indices showed that the area was at a lightly-moderate polluted status. Our results show a relatively higher quantity in biomass, inhabitation density, and diversity index and evenness in Hengqin Island sea area, as compared with other data from researches in the Pearl River Estuary.