西线南水北调对干旱河谷区的影响

Study on West Ruite Water Transfer Project to the Ecological Response of Arid Valley Region

对南水北调西线工程实施后对调水河流下游干旱河谷区气候、河道生态需水、水生生境、河岸生态系统等河流生态系统的影响因子进行了研究。结果表明:调水后对该区生态环境影响较小;调水后水量减少带来的影响主要集中在水位下降对农田取水口取水、河岸带高处亲水植物的生存,河道形态变化对水生生物的影响,以及依赖于周期性淹没的河谷湿地安全等方面。提出的对策包括季节性调整调水量、对农田灌溉取水口进行改造、大力发展优势植物、保护河流天然形态、建立河谷湿地输水渠道等。

The paper studies the affecting factors of river ecosystem of the climate of arid valley area,the ecological consumption of channel,aquatic habitat and ecosystem of banks of the downstream of a diverted river after implementation of west ruite of South North Water Transfer Project.The outcomes show that a) the influence to the ecological environment of the region is smaller after diversion;b) the influence caused by water reduction after diversion mainly concentrated on the aspects of draft at water intake of farmland,the survival of water loving plant growing on the high area of banks,the influence of channel morphological change to the aquatic organism and the security of valley wetland which relies on periodical flooding.It pus forward the countermeasures including revising regulated water seasonally,improving water intake of farmland,greatly developing dominant plants,protecting the natural form of a river and building a conveying canal in valley wetland.