虚轴机床结构误差的间接测量

Indirectly Measuring the Structural Errors of A Virtual Axis Machine Tools

对虚轴机床的结构误差进行分析和测量，并用软件进行补偿是提高机床精度的重要方法。提出一种间接测量和补偿的方法。在虚轴机床的动台体上固定７ 根测量杆，用来间接测量动台体的位置和姿态。当动台体到达某一位置和姿态时，如果机床本身没有结构误差，则各测量杆的测量值应该与理论值相同，但由于机床实际上是有结构误差的，因此各测量杆的测量值与理论值必定存在一定的偏差。利用若干个位置和姿态下的偏差值，间接计算出机床的结构误差，然后进行软件补偿。采用计算机仿真方法，对该方法进行验证。仿真计算结果十分理想。从而证明方法的正确性。该方法简单易行，是对虚轴机床误差进行补偿提高机床精度的一种有益的探索。

The main aim of this paper is at analysis the structural errors of virtual axis machine tools and software compensation of errors.An indirect measuring and amending method is proposed,seven detecting rods are fixed on the moving platform and used to measure positions and gestures of the moving platform indirectly. When the moving platform reaches a position and gesture, the length of these rods should be exactly the same as the theoretical values if the structure has no errors. But when the structural errors exist, the length of the rods will be different from the theoretical values. With these values we can use this method to figure out the structural errors and then use software to compensate. A computer simulation is used here to check this method. The results are perfect, so the method is proved to be correct. The method is simple and useful probing to the analysis of virtual axis machine tools' errors.