论环境民事侵权诉讼中的举证责任倒置

Inversion of the Burden of Proof in the Environmental Tort Litigation

举证责任的合理分配在民事侵权诉讼中能平衡诉讼双方的权利地位,一般举证责任分配原则难以契合环境侵权的特殊性。举证责任倒置原则在环境侵权诉讼中的适用有着平衡主体双方地位、降低证据采集难度,提高证据的效力等效果。但是我国目前立法与司法实践中关于环境侵权诉讼的举证责任倒置仍有待完善。

Environmental tort is a special kind of tort,with the specificity distinct from general violations.The rational allocation of the burden of proof in civil tort action can balance the rights of both parties,and obviously the general allocation principle of burden of proof cannot deal with the particularity of environmental tort.The principle of inversion of the burden of proof in environmental tort litigation can also balance the status of the parties,reduce the difficulty of proof collection,and improve the positive effect of evidence,etc.However,the inversion of the burden of proof on the environmental tort litigation in the legislative and judicial practices in China needs to be further improved.