不同年龄自发性高血压大鼠肾内小动脉的形态学重建

Remodeling of the renal arterioles in spontaneously hypertensive rats at different ages

目的： 探讨高血压大鼠年龄、高血压持续时间与肾内小动脉形态学重建的关系。方法：１６，２６，４０ 和 ５５ 周自发性高血压大鼠（ Ｓ Ｈ Ｒ），使肾内小动脉处于最大舒张状态后，在肾组织切片上用光镜配合计算机图像分析法观测肾内小动脉的几何形态。结果：与同龄正常血压大鼠（ Ｗ ｉｓｔａｒ Ｋｙｏｔｏ， Ｗ Ｋ Ｙ）相比，４ 个年龄组 Ｓ Ｈ Ｒ 肾内小动脉的壁厚、壁厚内径比都显著增大；外径在５０～２００ μｍ 间的小动脉还伴有壁面积的增加；４０ 和 ５５ 周 Ｓ Ｈ Ｒ外径在 ２０～５０ μｍ 间的小动脉内径减小。肾内小动脉的形态学改变与年龄和高血压状态有关。结论： 高血压是１６～５５ 周龄 Ｓ Ｈ Ｒ肾内小动脉重建的主要因素，外径在５０ μｍ 以下的肾内小动脉的重建以中膜平滑肌细胞的重排为主，外径在 ５０ μｍ 以上的肾内小动脉的重建则存在中膜平滑肌细胞的增殖。

Objective: To investigate the relationship between age or period of hypertension and morphological remodeling of renal arterioles. Methods: Under dilated conditions, the morphometry of the renal arterioles were studied microscopically on kidney slices combining computer assistant image analysis in 16, 26, 40 and 55 weeks of SHR. Results: Compared with age matched Wistar Kyoto, the wall thickness and ratio of wall thickness to inner diameter were much increased in the renal arterioles, while the wall area in the arterioles of 50 to 200 μm outer diameter increased. The inner diameter decreased in the arterioles of 20 to 50 μm outer diameter in 40 and 55 weeks of SHR. Hypertension and age were both related to the morphological remodeling of renal arterioles in SHR. Conclusion: Hypertension is the main reason of the remodeling of the renal arterioles in SHR from 16 to 55 weeks. The remodeling of the renal arterioles less than 50 μm outer diameter is due to the rearrangement of medial smooth muscle cells (SMC), but the remodeling of the renal arterioles more than 50 μm outer diameter is due to proliferation of the medial SMC.