海南岛近岸海域鱼类群落结构研究

Community Structure of Fish in the Coastal Waters of Hainan Island

根据2006—2007年在海南岛近岸区进行了4个航次的底拖网调查资料,分析了海南岛近岸区的鱼类种类组成和群落特征。结果显示,海南岛近岸区鱼类丰富,共捕获283种,隶属于21目100科170属,暖水性种占83.4%,暖温性种类16.6%;与大西洋、印度洋和太平洋的共有种分别为12种、173种、283种,与黄渤海、东海、日本、菲律宾和印度尼西亚的共种分别为75种、217种、186种、131种和151种;相对资源量指数与相对资源密度指数的季节变化趋势相一致,最高值在夏季,最低值在冬季;优势种(IRI≥500)为发光鲷(Acropoma japonicum)、斑鳍天竺鱼(Apogonichthys carinatus)、黄斑鲾(Leiognathus bindus)、皮氏叫姑鱼(Johnius belengeri)、大头白姑鱼(Argyrosomus macrocephalus)、鯻(Therapon thraps)、棕斑腹刺魨(Gastrophysus spadiceus)和麦氏犀鳕(Bregmaceros macclellandi)。

The composition and community characteristics of fishes were analyzed using data from four bottom trawl surveys in the coastal waters of Hainan Island from 2006 to 2007. The results showed that there was wide range of fish species in this area, the 283 fish species found belonged to 21 orders, 100 families and 170 genera. The warm-water fish species was dominant in the population, with the highest value of 83.4 % while the warm-temperate ones accounted for 16.6 % only. The number of common species of the coastal waters of Hainan Island with the Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean was 12, 173 and 283 respectively, and with Yellow and Bohai Sea, East China Sea, Japan, Philippines and Indonesia was 75, 217, 186, 131 and 151, respectively. The relative biomass index and relative abundance index showed the same seasonal changes, with the highest index in summer and the lowest in winter. The dominant species were Acropoma japonicum , Apogonichth ys carinatus , Leiognathus hindus, J ohnius belengeri , Argyrosornus macrocephalus , Therapon thraps , Gastroph ysus spadiceus and Bregmaceros macclellandi, whose IRI indexes were higher than 500.