化学治疗是中晚期膀胱癌治疗的重要手段

Chemotherapy:an important means of treatment for advanced bladder cancer

膀胱癌是泌尿系统中最常见的恶性肿瘤。尽管在确诊时只有20%的患者属晚期,但大多数患者最终会发生复发或转移。目前对于浸润性膀胱癌的标准治疗原则以根治性膀胱切除术加区域淋巴结清扫为主,配合化疗与放疗。但术后2年内仍有约50%的患者出现局部复发和转移,一旦出现复发和转移,多数在2年内死亡。目前膀胱癌患者的长期生存率仍较低,化疗是延长这些晚期患者生存时间并改善其生活质量的有效治疗方法,可使多数患者的生存时间由3~6个月延长至1年左右,少数患者可获得长期生存。因此,化疗在中晚期膀胱癌中的地位越来越得到重视。作者将就化疗对中晚期膀胱癌的生存影响进行综述。

As the most common malignancy of the urinary system,bladder cancer has a high incidence of metastasis.Although 20% of confirmed cases are advanced cancer,most invasive cases will metastasis in the end.Currently standard treatment principle of invasive bladder cancer is radical cystectomy with regional lymph node dissection,combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.However,after two years,50% patients undergoing cystectomy will relapse or metastasis,most of whom will die in two years.Since long-term survival rate remains low,chemotherapy currently provides the potential for cure in selected patients,which can prolong the 3～6 month survival time to one year.A few patients can achieve longer survival.So chemotherapy receives more attention.This review will summarize the benefits chemotherapy for patients with advanced bladder cancer.