高温、噪声对飞行员红细胞膜ATP酶活性的影响(英文)

Effects of High Temperature and Noise on Erythrocyte Membrane ATPase Activity in Pilots During Flight

目的探讨高温、噪声环境中飞行对飞行员红细胞膜ＡＴＰ酶活性的影响。方法轰六飞行员２４ 名为实验组，普通地面人员２１ 名为对照组。作多靶场轰炸飞行，舱内温度４５～５３ ℃， 噪声９７ ～１２２ ｄＢ（Ａ）。飞行时间３ ｈ，于飞行前（６：００ ａ．ｍ ．）、飞行后即刻（１２：００ ａ．ｍ ．）、８ ｈ（８：００ ｐ．ｍ ．） 采血。对照组采血日行室内作业（２７℃） 。用比色法测定红细胞膜Ｎａ＋ － Ｋ＋ ＡＴＰ酶、Ｃａ２ ＋ － Ｍｇ２ ＋ＡＴＰ酶活性。结果实验组和对照组的Ｎａ＋ － Ｋ＋ ＡＴＰ酶及Ｃａ２ ＋ － Ｍｇ２ ＋ ＡＴＰ酶日间（６：００ ａ．ｍ ．，１２ ：００ ａ．ｍ ．，８：００ ｐ．ｍ ．） 变化曲线基本一致并均在正常范围内；实验组清晨红细胞膜Ｎａ＋ － Ｋ＋ＡＴＰ酶活性明显高于对照组；实验组飞行后即刻红细胞膜Ｎａ＋ － Ｋ＋ ＡＴＰ酶活性明显高于飞行后８ ｈ，飞行后即刻及８ ｈ Ｃａ２ ＋ － Ｍｇ２ ＋ ＡＴＰ酶活性明显高于同一时间对照组。结论长时间高温、噪声刺激可引起ＡＴＰ的过度消耗，严重时造成红细胞内Ｃａ２ ＋ 超载，红细胞膜僵硬，甚至红细胞凋亡。

Objective To determine the effect of heat and noise on erythrocyte membrane ATPase activities in pilots during flying. Method Twenty four pilots performing bombing for 3h (45～53℃, 122～97dB in the cabin) served as the subjects. 21 ground personnel served as control (27℃ in the room). Blood samples were taken from both groups before flying (6:00 a.m), and immediately (12:00 a.m.) and 8h (8:00 p.m.) after flying. Na +-K +ATPase, and Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ ATPase activities in erythrocyte membrane were determined with colorimetry. Result The Na +-K +ATPase activity in erythrocyte membrane at 6:00 a.m.in pilots was higher than that in control group at the same time (P<0.01). The Ca 2+ -Mg 2+ ATPase activities in erythrocyte membrane at 12:00 a.m. and 8:00 p.m. in pilots were significantly higher, compared with those in control group at the same time (P<0.01). Conclusion The ATPase values obtained in our study were all within normal range, and the daytime variation of both groups are the same. Exposure of human body to heat and noise for long time may be harmful, the higher ATPase activity is, the more catabolism of ATP will be. ATP exhaustion will lead to Ca 2+ overload in erythrocyte thus stiffen the red cell membrane.