艾比湖流域土地利用变化及其生态响应分析

Analysis on Changes of Land Use and Their Ecological Environment Response in Ebinur Lake Basin

【目的】通过对艾比湖流域多时段土地利用动态变化、景观格局以及土地利用转换方式对生态环境质量的影响进行定量分析,阐述艾比湖流域近18 a间的土地利用变化对生态环境的影响及效应。【方法】运用相关分析方法论证土地利用与生态环境之间的互动关系及其效应。【结果】从艾比湖流域土地利用景观动态变化来看,景观分离度的逐步降低、破碎度的先升后降、多样性指数和均匀度的急升缓增;生态系统价值的不断增多;通过生态环境指数模型分析及土地利用转换和生态环境质量贡献率的响应研究,艾比湖流域各土地类型转换时会造成生态环境的恶化、生态环境质量的降低。【结论】艾比湖流域总体生态环境质量呈现出恶化的趋势;区域各类具有高生态价值的土地利用类型面积的扩大有利于整个区域生态质量的改善,但生态环境仍然比较脆弱,还有待提高。

[ Objective] The purpose of this article is to have quantitative analysis on the effects of the region＇s quality of ecological environment based on the study of the dynamic state change of land use, the landscape pattern change and the transfer matrix of land use change. And from this, it intends to demonstrate to what extent the land use changes affected the ecological environment of Ebinur Lake Basin in the past 18 years. [Method]The correlation analysis is used to demonstrate the relationships between land use and ecological environment. [Result] The result reveals that： from the landscape pattern change, the gradual decrease of the landscape separation index, the increase then decrease of the fragmentation index, diversify index and the quick rise and slow addition of uniformity index, the value of ecosystem is continuously rising. It shows that the ecological environment is worsening and its quality decreasing according to the study and analyses. [Conclusion]The general quality of ecological environment of Ebinur Lake Basin tends to be worsening; The expansion of the area of using high - value land contributes to the improvement of the ecological environment＇s quality in the whole region. But, on the other hand, its ecosystem is fragile and remains to be improved.