不同年龄儿童口腔健康行为及影响因素分析

Oral health and its influencing factors in children of different age

目的探讨不同年龄儿童口腔健康情况并对其影响因素进行分析。方法 1 260名儿童按年龄分为3组,对其口腔健康情况、口腔相关知识知晓率及卫生习惯等进行调查。结果随着年龄增长,儿童龋齿发生率3岁-组为52.8%,7岁-组为36.6%,11-15岁组为25.1%,牙龈炎发生率3岁-组为50.8%,7岁-组为37.0%,11-15岁组为26.3%,牙石发生率3岁-组为55.4%,7岁-组为38.9%,11-15岁组为25.5%,均随年龄增长依次降低,组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;3岁-组、7岁-组、11-15岁组口腔卫生相关知识知晓率分别为32.4%、46.9%和59.6%,口腔卫生习惯评价良好率分别为30.2%、45.8%和56.7%,均依次升高,组间两两比较差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;直线相关分析显示,3组儿童口腔卫生问题发生率与各组儿童口腔卫生相关知识知晓率、口腔卫生习惯评价良好率均呈负相关,3组儿童口腔卫生习惯评价良好率与其口腔卫生相关知识知晓率呈正相关。结论不同年龄段儿童的口腔健康情况与其相关知识知晓率及卫生习惯等均相关。

Objective To study oral health and its influencing factors in the children of different age.Methods Totally 1 260 children were divided into 3 groups according to their age and their oral health and the oral health-related knowledge and habit of the children were investigated.Results The prevalence rate of caries,gingivitis,and dental calulus was 52.8%,50.8%,and 55.4% for the children at ages of 3-6 years,36.6%,37.0%,and 38.9% for the children at ages of 7-10,and 25.1%,26.3%,and 25.5% at ages of 11-15,respectively,with significant differences among different age groups（P0.05 for all）.For the children aged 3-6,7-10,and 11-15 years,the oral health-related knowledge rate was 32.4%,46.9%,and 59.6% and the rate of good oral hygienic hebit was 30.2%,45.8%,and 56.7%,respectively,with significant differences among different age groups（P0.5 for all）.Linear correlation analysis showed that the prevalence rates of oral problem were significantly negatively correlated to the oral health-related konwledge rate and the rate of good oral hygienic habit,while the rate of good oral hygienic habit was significantly positively correlated to the oral health-related konwledge rate among the children.Conclusion There are relationships between the oral health and oral-related knowledge and oral hygiene.