中学生成人依恋与社会适应关系

Relationship between adult attachment and social adaptation among middle school students

目的探讨中学生成人依恋及与中学生社会适应的关系。方法采用中学生社会适应量表、亲密关系经历量表(ECR)中文版和关系问卷(RQ)中文版,按照方便取样方法对浙江省湖州市654名初高中学生进行问卷调查。结果中学生的安全型、轻视型、倾注型和害怕型4种依恋类型人数比例分别为36.9%、23.5%、22.8%、16.8%;高中生的安全型、倾注型人数比例(66.1%)明显高于初中生(52.9%),而初中生的轻视型、害怕型依恋类型人数比例(47.2%)明显高于高中生(33.9%);初中和高中学生的依恋类型性别差异无统计学意义;中学生成人依恋亲密关系经历量表中初、高中男生的回避得分分别为(3.54±0.75)、(3.54±0.69)分,均明显高于女生的(3.35±0.81)、(3.00±0.85)分;中学生社会适应内容特质、预测控制、心理调节和动力支持各维度得分,安全型、轻视型依恋中学生的得分均明显高于倾注型和害怕型依恋中学生;焦虑和回避得分和中学生社会适应各维度得分呈负相关(r=-0.128^-0.250)。结论中学生的成人依恋安全型依恋人数比例最高,成人依恋和中学生的社会适应有关。

Objective To investigate the relationship between adult attachment and social adaptation among middle school students.Methods With Middle School Student＇s Social Adaptation Scale,Chinese Adaptation of Experiences in Close Relationships Inventory,and Relationship Questionnaire,a total of 654 middle school students selected with convenience sampling from Huzhou city,Zhejiang province were tested.Results The proportion of secure,dismissing,preoccupied,and fearful attachment was 36.9%,23.5%,22.8%,and 16.8%,respectively.The proportion of secure and preoccupied attachment for high school students was significantly higher than that of junior middle school students（66.1% vs 52.9%）.The proportion of dismissing and fearful attachment for junior middle school students was significantly higher than that of high school students（47.2% vs 33.9%）.The gender difference in adult attachment among the middle school students was not significant.Results of Experience in Close Relationships Inventory also indicated that the score of avoidance attachment of male middle school students was significantly higher than that of female students（junior middle school students：3.54±0.75 vs 3.35±0.81;high school students：3.54±0.69 vs 3.00±0.85）.The scores of secure attachment and dismissing attachment of middle school students were higher than those of preoccupied and fearful attachment in the subscales of social adaptation,such as content particularity,forecast domination,psychological adjustment,and dynamical support.The scores of avoidance attachment and anxiety attachment were significantly negatively correlated with subscale scores of social adaptation（r：-0.128——0.250）.Conclusion The proportion of secure attachment in middle school students was the highest among the four kinds of adult attachment and the adult attachment was correlated with social adaptation in middle school students.