预防艾滋病母婴传播医务人员心理压力分析

Mental health status in medical staff engaged in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission

目的了解云南省艾滋病高流行地区从事预防艾滋病母婴传播工作医务人员的心理状况,并分析影响因素。方法对云南省13个县/市的255名从事预防艾滋病母婴传播工作的医务人员进行自填式问卷调查。结果从事预防艾滋病母婴传播工作医务人员的症状自评评定量表评分除人际关系敏感因子分外,其余8项因子分及总分均高于全国成人常模;心理问题检出率为48.0%;非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示,30-40岁年龄段、直接接触患者体液、血液机会较大的岗位、对报酬不满意、非主动意愿从事本项工作、自己不能缓解工作压力、认为发生职业暴露后无充分的医疗保障及担心患者态度不友好是使医务人员产生心理问题的危险因素,接受过艾滋病相关培训是保护因素。结论从事预防艾滋病母婴传播工作医务人员的心理压力大,心理问题检出率高,心理问题受多种因素影响,有必要对医务人员进行综合性心理干预。

Objective To understand mental health status and its main influence factors among the medical staff working on the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV in a high prevalence region of AIDS in Yunnan province.Methods Totally 255 medical staff selected from 13 counties in Yunnan province were investigated using Symptom Check-list 90（SCL-90） and a self-administered questionnaire.Results The total score and factor scores except interpersonal sensitivity were significantly higher in the medical staff than those of the national norm.The prevalence of psychological problem was 48.0%.The results of unconditional logistic regression analyses indicated that the risk factors for psychological problems were at age of 30-40 years,working with high frequency of direct contact to blood and body fluid,dissatisfaction with salary,unwillingness to deal with the job,without self-relief of work pressure,consideration of no adequate medical insurance for occupational exposure,and worry about unfriendly attitude of the patients and the protective factor was getting AIDS related training.Conclusion The psychological work pressure is great for the staff engaded in the prevention work on mother to-child transmission of HIV and is affected by many factors.Therefore,the implementation of integrated mental interference for the medical staff is necessary.