阴离子型三硅氧烷表面活性剂的合成及其性能

Synthesis of Anionic Trisiloxane Surfactant and Its Properties

在铂催化下,1,1,1,3,5,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷(MDHM)和端烯丙基聚醚(APE)经硅氢加成反应先制得端羟基聚醚三硅氧烷(HPETS),再将其与马来酸酐(MA)进行开环反应合成出一种羧酸型阴离子三硅氧烷表面活性剂(ATSS)。用IR对ATSS的结构进行了表征,并对ATSS的界面性能及在农药中的应用性能进行了测定。结果表明,ATSS具有优良的表面活性,其临界胶束浓度(cmc)为1.3 g/L,临界胶束浓度时的表面张力(γcmc)为24.5 mN/m。在2.5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐乳油、41%草甘膦异丙胺盐水剂、36%甲基硫菌灵悬浮剂各1 000倍稀释液中分别添加质量分数为0.10%的ATSS后,可使3种农药稀释液的表面张力由31.92、55.20和39.66 mN/m分别降低至24.92、25.47和27.13 mN/m;使3种农药稀释液接触野菠菜的瞬间接触角由62.5°、68.0°和57.0°分别降低至37.0°、39.0°和40.5°。

A new kind of anionic trisiloxane surfactant（ATSS） was synthesized by the ring-opening reaction of maleic anhydride（MA） with hydroxyl terminated polyether group trisiloxane（HPETS）.HPETS was prepared by hydrosilylation from 1,1,1,3,5,5,5-heptamethyltrisiloxane（MDHM） and allyl polyoxyethylene ether（APE） in the presence of platinum catalyst.The chemical structure of ATSS was characterized by IR.The interfacial properties of ATSS were measured,and its application was investigated in pesticide.Experimental results show that ATSS exhibits excellent surface activity.The critical micelle concentration（cmc） of ATSS solution is 1.3 g/L.The surface tension（γcmc） of ATSS solution in cmc is 24.5 mN/m.When ATSS was respectively added with 0.1% into emamectin benzoate 2.5% EC,glyphosate isopropylamin 41% AS and thiophanate-methyl 36% SC diluted to 1000 times with water,the surface tension of emamectin benzoate solution,glyphosate isopropylamin solution and thiophanate-methyl solution was decreased respectively from 31.92 mN/m,55.20 mN/m and 39.66 mN/m to 24.92 mN/m,25.47 mN/m and 27.13 mN/m;while the contact angle on potherb spinach leaf was reduced respectively from 62.5°,68.0° and 57.0° to 37.0°,39.0° and 40.5°.