西安市中老年女性膳食营养及体力活动对体质相关指标的影响

The Effect of Nutrition and Physical Activities on Physical-related Indicators among the Middle and Old Aged Female in Xi'an

目的研究营养及体力活动行为方式对中老年女性体质相关指标的影响,为制定干预措施提供基础资料。方法对西安市650名40～60岁中老年女性形态指标、机能指标、血生化指标和心理健康指标进行标准化测试,并进行膳食营养及体力活动问卷调查。结果除高密度脂蛋白外,体质其他相关指标均值在膳食营养的高能量摄入组和低能量摄入组间、体力活动的高能量消耗组和低能量消耗组间、高剩余能量组和低剩余能量组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);体重、BMI、体脂率、腹部皮褶厚度在低能量消耗组和中能量消耗组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);BMI、体脂率、腹部皮褶厚度在高剩余能量组与中剩余能量组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论合理的膳食能量摄入和适度且规律的体力活动能量消耗能改善身体形态和机能、消除心理障碍、提升健康。

Objective To analyze the effect of nutrition and physical activities on physical-related indicators among the middle and old aged female. Methods With cluster sampling method, the body shape, function, blood biochemical and mental health indexes of 650 females aged 40-60 were tested, their nutrition and physical activities were investigated by questionnaire. Results In addition to the high density lipoprotein, the means of other physical-related indexes had significant differences （P〈 0.01） between high energy intake group and low energy intake group, between high energy consumption group and low energy consumption group, as well as between high surplus energy group and low energy group. The means of weight, BMI, Fat%, abdominal fat indexes had significant differenced （P〈O.O1） between low energy consumption group and medium energy consumption group. The differences of BMI, Fat%, abdominal fat indexes were very significant （P〈0.05） between high surplus energy group and medium surplus energy group. Conclusion The reasonable intake of energy and nutrition as well as the regular energy consumption of physical activity can improve the body shape and function, eliminate the psychological barriers and promote health.