2006—2009年河北省部分城乡居民道路交通伤害监测分析

Analysis of Road Traffic Injuries among the Residents of Some Urban and Rural Areas Hebei Province from 2006 to 2009

目的了解及分析河北省部分城乡居民道路交通伤害状况和危害程度,为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法资料来源于秦皇岛市、藁城市各3家不同级别伤害监测哨点医院急诊室报告卡。对2006年1月1日—2009年12月31日首次就诊于哨点医院的道路交通伤害病人资料进行分析。结果 4年间共收集伤害病例81 154例,交通伤病例27 418例,占33.79%。监测到的交通伤害患者男女性别比为1.93∶1,各年龄段之间男女性别构成差异有统计学意义(χ2=4 130.81,P<0.01);伤害性质以擦伤或浅表伤、骨折为主;交通伤发生时活动主要为驾乘交通工具和休闲活动;伤害严重程度以轻、中度为主;以伤及头部、下肢为主;道路交通伤发生时间有一定规律性。结论河北省部分城乡居民道路交通伤害发生存在一定规律,应充分利用医院急诊伤害监测系统,使其成为河北省获取道路交通伤害发生情况的重要信息来源之一并制定有针对性的预防条例。

Objective To understand and analyze the status of road traffic injuries （RTI） and its levels among residents of some urban and rural areas in Hebei province. Methods Based on data from the emergency report cards of each three injury surveillance sentinel hospitals with different grades in Qinhuangdao city and Gaoeheng city, the first visit data of RTI patients during Jan 1 of 2006 to Dee 31 of 2009 were collected and analyzed. Results Of Total 81 154 injuries collected, 33.79% （n： 27 418） were RTI. Sex ratio of male to female was 1.93：1, there were significant differences between ratios of male to female in each age groups （X^2=4 130.81, P〈0.01）. Bruise or superficial and fracture injury were two main types of RTI. RTIs were most frequently occurred during driving or riding and leisure. Most victims were slight and moderate injuries, the most common injured positions were the head and lower limbs. The occurrence time of RTI was regular. Conclusion Road traffic injury has its own features. Emergency room-based injury surveillance system should be fully used to set up preventive ordinance against injuries among different people and different aspects and brine out essential information on road traffic iniury.