北京市3家医院2006—2009年跌倒坠落伤害监测分析

Analysis of Fall Injuries from 3 Hospitals in Tongzhou District of Beijing from 2006 to 2009

目的探讨跌倒、坠落病例的发生特征，为跌倒、坠落的预防干预提供科学依据。方法选取北京市通州区新华医院、中医医院和永乐店医院伤害监测数据库中的9459名跌倒、坠落病例作为研究对象，分析跌倒发生的特征。结果在31569例医院伤害监测病例中跌倒、坠落病例为9459例，占所有医院就诊伤害病例的30．O％，其中，男性5433人次（57．4％1，女性4026人次（42．6％）；年龄主要集中在25-64岁之间，占所有病例的55．8％；跌倒、坠落时间最多发生在上午9：00-10：00之间，占30．1％，7月份发生跌倒、坠落的比例最高，占9．8％；跌倒、坠落发生场所占比最高的是家中，占39．6％；5岁以下儿童最常见的受伤部位为头部，占60．9％，5-14岁的儿童最常见的受伤部位为上肢，占33．6％，15岁及以上人群最常见的受伤部位为下肢损伤，占41．1％，随着年龄的增长，跌倒、坠落导致伤害的严重性也在增加。结论不同年龄组跌倒、坠落发生的特征不同，建议针对不同年龄组开展相应的跌倒预防干预项目。

Objective To explore the characteristics of fall injuries. Methods Data of 9 459 fall patients from injury surveillance database of Xinhua Hospital, Traditional Medicine Hospital and Yongledian Hospital from 2006 to 2009 were analyzed. Results Fall patients accounted to 30.0% of all injury patients, including 5 433 male patients （57.4%） and 4 026 female patients （42.6%）. The patients were mostly between 25 and 64 years old （55.8%）. The most frequent time of fall occurrence was at 9：00 to 10：00 AM （30.1%）. Most falls occurs at home places （39.6%）. Children 〈5 years old, Children from 5 to 14 years old and people ≥ 15 years old mostly suffered from head injuries, upper limbs injuries and lower limbs injuries, respectively. The fall severity increased with age. Conclusion The characteristics of falls injuries in different age groups are different. It is suggested to take intervention programs against falls iniuries for different ages.