论比例原则在基本权利保障中的适用

On the Application of the Principle of Proportionality to the Guarantee of Fundamental Rights

作为公法的一项重要原则,比例原则与基本权利的保障密切相关。它们之间的相关性体现在,比例原则是对基本权利进行限制的实质性要件。这意味着,任何对基本权利构成妨碍的干预措施,必须要符合比例原则的要求。在实务中,判断一项基本权利的干预措施是否逾越了比例原则的限制,需要依"适当性原则—必要性原则—狭义的比例原则"这一流程,并对照比例原则的适用标准进行检视。

The principle of proportionality,as an important principle of public law,is closely related with the guarantee of fundamental rights.Their great relevance lies in the fact that the principle of proportionality is a substantial condition for the limitation of the fundamental rights,which means that any intervention in fundamental rights should accord with the principle of proportionality.In practice,in judging whether an intervention oversteps the limits of the principle of proportionality,we should examine it according to the order of ＂principle of suitability-principle of necessity-proportionality in its narrow sense＂ and by reference to the application criterion of the principle of proportionality.