燃料乙醇能源系统的生态重组

Eco-restructuring of fuel ethanol system

以木薯为原料的燃料乙醇传统生产模式是农业和工业两个简单线性过程的叠加,资源消耗量大,排放废物多。根据工业生态学原理,借鉴自然生态系统的模式对该过程进行生态重组,通过引入分解者及消费者,使物质、能量在系统内循环成为可能,系统呈现复杂化趋势,形成工、农业共生体。经生态重组后,系统产生的可燃气自给有余,年产燃料乙醇2.5万t的系统副产物可饲养生猪5.0万头、产有机肥料30.0万t、可降解塑料5.4万t;年可减排CO2 2.4万t,处理废液34.0万t、木薯茎秆等农业废弃物22.7万t,额外创造16亿元经济收入,节约生产成本550万元。

The traditional production model of cassava-based fuel ethanol is the union of two simple linear processes of agriculture and industry,which results in high energy consumption and serious pollution.According to the theory of industrial ecosystem and the model of natural ecosystem,cassava-based fuel ethanol system was eco-restructured.And the cycle of mass and energy in the system could be realized by introducing the decomposers and the consumers.The system showed the trends of complication,and formed the symbiont of industry and agriculture.The annual output of 25 000 tons of cassava-based fuel ethanol system was analyzed as an example.After being eco-restructured,the combustible gas produced in the system was more than self-efficient.50 000 pigs,300 000 tons of organic fertilizers,and 54 000 tons of degradable plastics as by-products could be produced each year.24 000 tons of CO2 emissions,340 000 tons of wastewater,and 227 000 tons of cassava stem could be reduced annually.The system can create an additional income of 1.61 billion Yuan,and save production costs of 9 000 000 Yuan at the same time.