^18F—FDG代谢显像相关分子机制的研究进展

Progress of molecular mechanism of ^18F-FDG metabolism imaging

^18F—FDG作为最常用的PET-CT显像剂，被广泛应用于肿瘤显像。吸收和利用葡萄糖可以由多因素控制，它们都参与到肿瘤有氧糖酵解的增加，转移性肿瘤对FDG摄取普遍增加的现象提示它可能是必需的。高糖代谢是癌变的重要组成部分，因为糖代谢的增加产生了大量酸，酸给癌细胞提供生长的环境。理清FDG代谢的原理有利于更准确的影像诊断，与肿瘤对FDG高摄取相关的葡萄糖代谢主要分子机制包括葡萄糖转运蛋白和己糖激酶、线粒体缺陷、c—myc、缺氧诱导因子等。

^18F-FDG is the most common PET-CT imaging agent, which is widely used in tumor inaging. Absorption and utilization of glucose can be controlled by multiple factors, which are involved in the increase in aerobic glycolysis of tumor. The phenomenon of a general increase uptake of FDG in metastatic tumor may indicate that it is necessary. High glucose metabolism is an important sign of cancer because increased glucose metabolism produces acid, which provide the growth environment to cancer cells. It is important to know the principle of FDG metabolism for accurate image diagnosis. This article reviews the progress of relevant molecular mechanism in recent years. The major molecular mechanism of glucose metabolism associated with tumor FDG uptake include glucose transport and hexokinase, mitochondrial defects, c-myc, hypoxia-inducible factor and so on.