我国高等学校投入产出的效率评估

Inputs and Outputs Efficiency Evaluation in China's Universities

本文通过构建数据包络分析及其二次相对效率模型,估算高校投入产出的"技术效率"和"管理效率",并采用赋权法合成各高校的综合效率;在此基础上,以部属高校为例,尝试利用2007年和2008年的数据对我国高校投入产出的效率进行分析。实证结果表明,我国部属高校资源使用的"技术效率"和"管理效率"均有较大提升空间。"技术效率"高的高校,其"管理效率"并不必然高。另外,各高校综合效率得分不仅比较分散,且在不同性质和地区的高校间存在较大差异。有鉴于此,必须采取改进财政拨款模式,深化高校内部管理体制改革,加强效率评估等措施,切实提高我国高校资源投入产出的综合效率。

By constructing the binary relative effective model, this paper evaluated ＂the technical efficiency＂ and ＂the managerial effectiveness＂ of the educational inputs and outputs in China＇s universities, and synthesized universities＇ comprehensive efficiency using weighting method. Then, taking the central-affiliated universities as an example, using the data of 2007 and 2008, this paper analyzed the efficiency of the educational inputs and outputs. The empirical results showed that ＂the technical efficiency＂ and ＂the managerial effectiveness＂ of universities resource had a big promotion space. Simultaneously, the university had the higher ＂technical efficiency＂, and its ＂managerial effectiveness＂ was not inevitably high. Moreover, the efficiency score in universities was not only scattered, but also had the big difference among the universities of different nature and universities in different regions. Taking this into consideration, this paper stressed that the financial allocation pattern must be improved, the university internal management organizational must be reformed, and the efficiency appraisal measures must be strengthened, in order to enhance the comprehensive efficiency of the university resources.