和县有机蔬菜基地土壤重金属监测与评价

Monitoring and evaluation of heavy metals in organic vegetable soil in Hexian county

以安徽省主要有机蔬菜生产地(巢湖市)土壤为研究对象,经过野外调查和室内分析对棚室及露天菜地土壤重金属(Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni、Cr、Cd)的总量分别进行分析测定,并用单因子指数法,内梅罗综合污染指数法以及模糊数学综合评价法对棚室及露天菜地土壤重金属污染状况进行了综合评价和比较。结果表明,镉为各研究区的主要污染物,铅次之。按照国家土壤环境质量二级标准,应用内梅罗综合污染指数进行评价,露天研究区92%的样点属于清洁级,土壤环境质量良好;而棚室研究区19%的样点属于轻度污染。模糊数学评价结果与综合指数类似,露天菜地研究区土壤重金属环境质量良好;棚室菜地研究区一级占96%,二级占4%。总体而论,棚室菜地较露天菜地污染严重。

In this paper,we evaluated heavy metals in organic vegetable soil in Chaohu city,Anhui province,through the field investigation and laboratory analysis of the total content of heavy metals（Cu,Zn,Pb、,Ni,Cr and Cd） in the greenhouse and open-air soil.We introduced single factor pollution index,Nemerow integrated index and Fuzzy mathematics method to evaluate and compare the soil.The results of single factor evaluation showed that cadmium and lead are the main pollutants.Nemerow integrated index evaluation showed that there are 92% of open-air areas belong to clean and the soil quality is good,while there are 19% of the greenhouse areas is slightly polluted according to the national secondary standard of heavy metal environmental quality.The results of Fuzzy mathematics evaluation showed that the quality of open-air area are good,while 96% and 4% are the first and second level respectively.On the whole,there is a certain degree of heavy metal pollution in the environment of the greenhouse areas