泉州湾景观格局分析及动态变化研究

Landscape pattern analysis and dynamic change in Quanzhou Bay

基于GIS技术和景观生态学原理及方法,获得泉州湾1975年、1989年、2001年及2008年四期的景观格局分布图,分析了泉州湾30多年来景观格局的动态变化过程。结果表明:(1)在30余年中,泉州湾自然景观面积明显萎缩,其中滩涂面积减少了2913.09 hm2,减少率为28.7%,人工景观(主要为建设用地)面积增加明显,建设用地面积增加了1866.54hm2;(2)泉州湾景观破碎化程度加剧,斑块类型趋向于多样化;(3)泉州湾自然景观大部分转化为人工景观,红树林、米草及滩涂动态度变化最为剧烈。泉州湾周边地区人口和经济增长带来的用地需求及政策导向,是影响泉州湾景观格局变化的主要驱动因素。

Based on GIS-tech,landscape patterns in Quanzhou Bay of time series（1975~2008） were elaborated from the satelite images and charts.The landscape dynamic were analyzed by calculating landscape metrics,conversion matrix and landscape dynamic degree.The area of natural landscape diminished gradually,while artificial landscape（land for construction） was increased.Both landscape fragmentation and diversification intensified in the time period.Most of the natural landscape were transformed into the artificial landscape,and mangroves,rice grass and tidal flats had the most dramatic changes.With the impetus of population growth,economic benefit and policy guidence,human ativities intensified greatly,such as port construction,reclamation,aquaculture,which may be the main reason for the landscape change in QuanZhou Bay.